Meanwhile, Ulsan's Mayor Shim is busy trying to tap the new thinking in
Seoul to replace disappearing assembly line jobs. (He says
he never
promised zero job cuts.) He's slashing red tape to attract
foreign capital. He
wants to take advantage of tax breaks Seoul has promised to
overseas
investors who put money into new businesses. He also has
plans to nurture
start-up companies, with central government backing. The
mayor has even
won the right for Ulsan to host a match during football's
2002 World Cup,
which Korea will co-host with Japan. Already, a big new
luxury hotel is
under construction. Says Shim: "The momentum from the
current crisis can let
us globalize Ulsan."
That's if Korea's President can convince foreigners to
invest in places like
Ulsan. So far, there's no stampede, and there won't be one
until the whiff of
labor trouble clears. But Kim has made reversing Korea's
traditional allergy
to foreign investment one of the keystones of his
presidency. Korea can't
borrow its way out of the crisis--it needs foreign money
and ideas to save
jobs and create new ones. Since taking office, the
President has eased limits
on foreign ownership of companies and real estate. He has
also wooed
foreign investors, most recently during his trip to
Washington in June. Says
Kim: "We have to create a situation where foreign
investment can come in,
otherwise 100% of the people will be unemployed."
Until last year, foreigners couldn't own more than 26% of a
Korean
company. Going it alone was a struggle, too, as France's
Carrefour found
when it tried to open a store in a Seoul suburb a few years
ago. The discount
retailer needed more than 200 official approvals, ten times
the number
required in permit-happy France. Traditionally, businessmen
who didn't
grease the bureaucratic wheels with "favors" found their
approvals
languishing. This spring Kim ordered the Ministry of
Finance to slash its
regulations across the board. When the mandarins came back
with a plan to
cut red tape by a third, Kim rejected it as inadequate. Now
the ministry
promises to trim the rulebook further.
That's the kind of move that will shrink the government's
role in the economy
as Korea moves toward a free-market system. Kim has already
started to
downsize the country's cumbersome bureaucracy, the same
kind of medicine
he is prescribing to boost chaebol efficiency. The
President is also pushing for
a more open style of government--many Koreans blame a lack
of
transparency for the spectacular corruption that plagued
previous
administrations. Says Sakong Il, a former Finance Minister.
"It was
corruption that stopped us from moving ahead with reform."
Kim startled his ministers by broadcasting his first
Cabinet meeting live on
radio and cable television. He has held Clinton-style
town-hall meetings
where citizens can question him directly. In one gathering,
the wife of a
handicapped man grilled the President on his pledge to
promote the rights of
the disabled. That kind of scene was unimaginable under
previous
authoritarian governments. Kim handled the exchange
smoothly, reinforcing
his image as a new kind of leader.
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